Top 100+ Most Asked Rust Interview Questions

A deep-dive collection of Rust interview questions covering the borrow checker, ownership, lifetimes, and systems programming patterns. Designed for high-level technical evaluation.

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1.What is Rust? What are its key features?

2.What are the main advantages of Rust over C/C++?

3.What is memory safety without garbage collection?

4.What is the difference between let and let mut?

5.What are Rust's primitive data types?

6.What is type inference in Rust?

7.What is shadowing in Rust?

8.What are constants (const) vs immutable variables?

9.What is the difference between String and &str?

10.What are scalar and compound types?

11.What is ownership in Rust?

12.What are the three ownership rules?

13.What is move semantics?

14.What happens when a variable goes out of scope?

15.What is the difference between stack and heap allocation?

16.What is borrowing in Rust?

17.What are references (& and &mut)?

18.What is the difference between immutable and mutable references?

19.What are the borrowing rules?

20.Can you have multiple mutable references?

21.What is a dangling reference? How does Rust prevent it?

22.What is lifetime in Rust?

23.Why do we need lifetime annotations?

24.What is the 'static lifetime?

25.What is lifetime elision?

26.What are structs in Rust?

27.What are the different types of structs (classic, tuple, unit)?

28.What is the difference between struct and tuple struct?

29.How do you implement methods on structs?

30.What is Self vs self?

31.What are enums in Rust?

32.What is the Option<T> enum? Why is it important?

33.What is the Result<T, E> enum?

34.What is pattern matching with match?

35.What is the difference between if let and match?

36.What are traits in Rust?

37.How do you implement a trait for a type?

38.What is the difference between trait and interface?

39.What are trait bounds?

40.What is the difference between impl Trait and dyn Trait?

41.What are associated types in traits?

42.What are default trait implementations?

43.What is trait inheritance (supertraits)?

44.What are orphan rules?

45.What are common standard traits (Copy, Clone, Debug, Display)?

46.How does error handling work in Rust?

47.What is unwrap() and expect()?

48.What is the ? operator?

49.What is the difference between panic! and Result?

50.When should you use panic! vs Result?

51.How do you create custom error types?

52.What is the anyhow and thiserror crate?

53.What are smart pointers in Rust?

54.What is Box<T>? When do you use it?

55.What is Rc<T> (Reference Counted)?

56.What is Arc<T> (Atomic Reference Counted)?

57.What is the difference between Rc and Arc?

58.What is RefCell<T>?

59.What is interior mutability?

60.What is Mutex<T> and RwLock<T>?

61.What are generics in Rust?

62.How do you define generic functions?

63.How do you define generic structs?

64.What are generic type constraints?

65.What is monomorphization?

66.What is a module in Rust?

67.What is a crate?

68.What is the difference between binary and library crates?

69.What is Cargo.toml?

70.What is the difference between use and mod?

71.What are pub and visibility rules?

72.What is pub(crate) and pub(super)?

73.How does Rust handle concurrency?

74.What are threads in Rust?

75.What is std::thread::spawn()?

76.What is message passing with channels (mpsc)?

77.What is the difference between send() and try_send()?

78.What is shared state concurrency?

79.What is Mutex<T> for thread safety?

80.What is Arc<Mutex<T>> pattern?

81.What are Send and Sync traits?

82.What is the difference between Send and Sync?

83.What is a data race? How does Rust prevent it?

84.What are closures in Rust?

85.What are the closure traits (Fn, FnMut, FnOnce)?

86.What is the difference between Fn, FnMut, and FnOnce?

87.What are iterators in Rust?

88.What is the Iterator trait?

89.What is the difference between iter(), iter_mut(), and into_iter()?

90.What are macros in Rust?

91.What is the difference between declarative and procedural macros?

92.What is unsafe Rust? When do you use it?

93.What are the five unsafe superpowers?

94.What is FFI (Foreign Function Interface)?

95.What is zero-cost abstraction?

96.What is the Drop trait?

97.What is the difference between Copy and Clone?

98.When is a type Copy?

99.What is RAII in Rust?

100.How does Rust achieve memory safety without GC?